Microbial Bioremediation and Biodegradation of Petroleum Products—A Mini Review

The demand for technological and industrial change has become heavily dependent on the availability use of petroleum products as a source energy socio-economic development. Notwithstanding, petrochemical are strongly related to global economic activities, their extensive distribution, refining processes, final routes into environment pose threat human health ecosystem. Additional environmental challenges toxicological impact air, soil, water pollutants from hydrocarbons carcinogenic animals humans. Therefore, it is practical introduce biodegradation biological catalyst address remediation petroleum-contaminated ecosystems, adverse impacts, complexity hydrocarbons, resistance biodegradation. This review presents bioremediation hydrocarbon contaminants in focusing biodegradable microorganisms essential contaminants. Moreover, explore mineralization transformation complex organic inorganic other simpler compounds by agents. In addition, physicochemical factors affecting mechanisms enzymatic systems expanded. Finally, recent studies techniques with prospects spill highlighted.